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New Scottish Group
The New Scottish Group was a loose collection of artists based in Glasgow, who exhibited from 1942 to 1956. It was formed around John Duncan Fergusson after his return to Glasgow in 1939. It had its origins in the New Art Club formed in 1940, and had its first exhibition in 1942. Members did not have a common style, but shared left-wing views and were influenced by contemporary continental art. Members included Donald Bain, William Crosbie, Marie de Banzie and Isabel Babianska. Tom MacDonald, Bet Low and William Senior formed the Clyde Group to pursue political painting that manifested in urban industrial landscapes. The group helped start the careers of a generation of Glasgow-based artists and was part of a wider cultural "golden age" for the city.
==History==
John Duncan Fergusson (1874–1961), who was the longest surviving of the group of artists known as the Scottish Colourists, had settled in France, but returned to Scotland in 1939, just before the outbreak of the Second World War, with his wife, the dancer and choreographer Margaret Morris (1891–1980). There he became a leading figure of a group of younger Glasgow artists. Members of Fergusson's group formed the New Art Club in 1940, in opposition to the established Glasgow Art Club. In 1942 they held the first of what would be a series of shows of their own exhibiting society, the New Scottish Group, with Fergusson as its first president. The introduction to the catalogue of their first show was written by novelist and poet Naomi Mitchison (1897–1999).〔D. Macmillan, ''Scottish Art in the 20th century, 1890–2001'' (Mainstream, 2001), ISBN 1840184574, p. 80.〕 The group held annual exhibitions in the period 1943–48, and larger shows in 1951 and 1956.〔J. Kinnear, (''The Fergusson Gallery'' ) (Perth Museum & Art Gallery, 2005), ISBN 0-907495-25-7, p. 14.〕
Important to the artists was the nationalist and left-wing publisher William MacLellan, who produced a number of works of Glasgow artists in the 1940s, including Fergusson's book ''Modern Scottish Painting'' (1943), which expressed his anti-academic and democratic ideals and his desire to form a British equivalent to the French Salon des Independants.〔 Members of the group were involved in two of MacLellan's magazines in this period, supplying visual material or ''Poetry Scotland'' (1943–49) and ''Scottish Art and Letters'' (1944–50), which played an important part in disseminating ideas of the Scottish Renaissance. Fergusson designed the covers for ''Scottish Art and Letters'' and acted as its artistic director.〔M. Palmer McCulloch, "Continuing the Renaissance: little magazines and a late phase of Scottish Modernism in the 1940s", ''Etudes Ecossaises'', 15 (2012), ISSN 1240-1439, pp. 59–73.〕 Fergusson also illustrated MacLellan's edition of by Hugh MacDiarmid's ''In Memoriam James Joyce'' (1955) and his paintings from this period included ''Danu mother of the Gods'', both of which combined elements of Celtic culture and modernism.〔J. T. Koch, ed., ''Celtic Culture: a Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 2'' (ABC-CLIO, 2006), ISBN 1851094407, p. 112.〕 In their last exhibition in 1956 the group displayed with another organisation, the Society of Scottish Independent Artists, a title that recalled Fergusson's ambition. Fergusson died in 1961.〔
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